He establishedorganized the kenya african union to end british rule in kenya in the 1950s and to gain independence and right to self. Decolonization of asia and africa, 19451960 19451952. Situation economique et sociale du senegal pdf in french. Leaders used lessons in mass politicization and mass mobilization of the 1920s and 1930s. Jomo kenyatta was the leader of the nonviolent independence movement in kenya.
The association of senegal to the eec was accompanied by great expectations on. In africa, the british decolonization was done gradually based on experiences in. The decolonization of africa was one of the turning points in the history of the postwar world. Decolonisation et construction nationale au senegal. The end of the colonial period and the establishment during 195776 of all the former colonies as independent states was attributable both to a change in european attitudes toward africa and the possession of colonies and to an african reaction to colonial rule born of the economic and social changes it had. After world war ii, britain accepted decolonization as an irresistible trend and began to establish selfgovernment in its colonies. Ousmane sembene and the cinema of decolonization jstor. Copy of decolonization of africa by firdausi i ibrahim on. Michael smethursts staff in the university of aberdeen, and donald simpsons.
It argues that the preeminence of the usa and india in the international movie marketplace translates into the colonization of both the. The 4t1i section discusses decolonization within north america. It captured the imagination of a new generation of idealists who enthusiastically proclaimed their belief in racial equality and individual liberty. Reform movement and the state in senegal, journal of religion in africa 30, 2 may 2000, 16890. Section 2 provides an overview of the economics of colonialism, and introduces my argument. Historians have cited the activities of african nationalist leaders and unfolding developments in postwar europe as the two primary driving forces behind the ending of. Pdf decolonisation et construction nationale au senegal. Project muse the united states and decolonization in west. The 3rd section examines the concept of decolonization. Jan 25, 2015 decolonisation of africa country independence date prior ruling country liberia, republic of 26 july 1847 south africa, republic of 31 may 1910 britain egypt, arab republic of 28 february 1922 britain ethiopia, peoples democratic republic of 5 may 1941 italy libya socialist peoples libyan arab jamahiriya 24 december 1951 britain sudan, democratic republic. Colonies and world war ii surge of anticolonial nationalism after 1945. These old colonial empires knew that decolonization was a possibility, but did not think much of.
Panafricanism decolonisation of africa casablanca group monrovia group african. Western africa decolonization and the regaining of. Western africa western africa decolonization and the regaining of independence. In attendance were a number of leaders who would eventually lead their nations. Kenyatta of kenya, leopold sedar senghor and senegal.
The article argues that decolonization in fact reinforced the. Decolonization is when a colony of any country becomes independent. The political engagement of a west african muslim community article pdf available in the international journal of african historical studies 462. Pan africanism decolonisation of africa casablanca group monrovia group african. Switzerlands relationship with africa during decolonisation and the. In the absence of written sources and monumental ruins in this region, the history of the early centuries of the modern era must be based primarily on archaeological excavations, the writing of early geographers and travelers, written in arabic and data derived from oral tradition. None of these papers, however, consider how economic incentives were shaped by current and perspective trade conditions. Intellectuals and identity politics during the decolonization of algeria.
The liberation of africa from european rule followed on. These include deep economic problems, inhibiting growth and widening disparities between the northern and southern part of the globe. Decolonization, as mentioned earlier, is the act of reversing the process of colonization. Chapter 33 the cold war and decolonization, 19451975 i. Archivists must find the importunities of contemporary historians trying. European powers divided the dark continent like a home made peach pie. It captured the imagination of a new generation of idealists who declared ther belief in. Referendum on status of new caledonia is an important step forward in the decolonization process, secretarygeneral antonio guterres says as special committee on decolonization begins annual session. He came to power after the suppression of the mau mau army. Jul 10, 20 instead, as can be seen in senegal, these cultures maintained their integrity, achieved independence, and are bravely trying to grow into the modern world in the face of exploitation and oppression. Decolonization and african society by frederick cooper. The wind of change is blowing through this continent and, whether we like it or not, this growth of national consciousness is. It is, however, true, he claims, that one can identify some broad trends along the lines of the diagnosis he makes.
The history of senegal is commonly divided into a number of periods, encompassing the. There was widespread unrest and there were organized revolts in both northern and subsaharan colonies, especially in. Equally important and run even more important the importance was the fact that in the ranks of troops belonging to the antihitler coalition colonial powers especially britain and france, there were many people in africa. The meaning of decolonization is contested throughout africa and beyond, not just by historians and social scientists, but by all those caught up in the crises of the continent. Senegalese tirailleurs were mainly former slaves who were purchased. Harold macmillan, british prime minister, helped begin decolonization milestones. Decolonization of africa reading comprehension worksheet, map. Quizlet flashcards, activities and games help you improve your grades. Decolonization policies and institutions in africa. Students use a chart describing the independence of african nations. The decolonisation of africa was one of the historic moment in the history of the postwar world.
Empires rise and fall while the nations of the conquered seen to fade back in the shadows of their conquerors. John hargreaves examines how the british, french, belgian, spanish and portuguese colonies in tropical africa became independent in the postwar years, and in doing so transformed the international landscape. Chapter 33 the cold war and decolonization, 19451975. European colonization the french established a dominant position along the coast of modern senegal by 1659, but because of the result of the seven years war, france was forced to give senegal to the british in 1763. In 1945, the 5th panafrican congress met and discussed the prospect of independence. This epublication focuses on the interactions between the decolonisation process and the european integration process, with a particular emphasis on french and british decolonisation. How homosexuality became unafrican the case of zimbabwe. After world war two and the defeat of the axis powers, france and britain controlled most of africa. Saint louis was the first permanent french settlement in senegal.
Nationalism and labor movements in postwar africa frederick cooper university of michigan the triumph of independence movements over colonial rule in asia and africa is another one of those metanarratives that needs to be rethought. A historical analysis of french and senegal cultural relationship. As a result of colonization in each francophone territory, be it quebec, senegal. The decolonization of africa took place in the midtolate 1950s to 1975, with sudden and radical regime changes on the continent as colonial governments made the transition to independent states. Thus, decolonization is the opposite of colonization. The effects of decolonization in africa world scientific. African decolonization contemporary history series. Frederick cooper gathers a vast range of archival sources in french and english to achieve a truly comparative study of colonial policy toward the recruitment, control, and institutionalization of african labor forces from the mid 1930s, when the labor question was first posed, to the late 1950s, when decolonization was well under way. The colonization of africa was a selfish and greedy maneuver by the european nations. This product contains an article on the decolonization of africa with 15 comprehension questions matching, multiple choice, short answer. When sekou toure of guinea decided in 1958 to get out of french colonial empire. Copy of decolonization of africa by firdausi i ibrahim on prezi. Historians have cited the activities of african nationalist leaders and unfolding developments in postwar europe as the two primary driving forces behind the ending of european colonial rule throughout the continent.
The colonization of africa dramatically impacted the people who lived there. After world war ii western leaders perceived the soviet union as the center of a world revolutionary movement, while soviet leaders felt themselves surrounded by the western countries and their north atlantic treaty organization founded 1949. Although decolonization might also hold economic, psychological, or cultural implications, the term here merely denotes a political transfer of power from the colonial power to the indigenous peoples. Towards the decolonization of the african film by hyginus ekwuazi abstract this paper identifies the inalienable features which characterize the truly indigenous african film.
The decolonisation of africa in 1945, when the second world war ended, africa had only four independent states. The dig the faleme located in the southeast of senegal, has uncovered a. Decolonization study guide by lmscotty includes 48 questions covering vocabulary, terms and more. Project muse the united states and decolonization in. It will be seen that the liberation ofindigenous peoples in n. Hindu, chinese, and african values became vehicles for galvanizing the rank and file attempted modernity while retaining indigenous characteristcs. Sahara was a question of decolonization which remained to be completed by. It is the purpose of african decolonization to show that this living past pervades the present. The beginnings of cooperation were steeped in swisscentrism and the hope that. Towards the decolonization of the african film by hyginus ekwuazi abstract. The declaration of principles by churchill and roosevelt in the atlantic charter in 1941, with its promise of selfdetermination and selfgovernment for all, heralded the end of european colonialism in africa. The region of modern senegal was a part of the larger region called upper guinea by european traders. Civil war china negotiated independence india and much of.
1469 77 1224 1418 300 447 137 802 636 1061 239 1175 396 65 1047 608 29 163 1519 481 786 1240 1155 1160 225 518 1023 1485 266 750 970 1078 136 313 889 341 722 1343 1327 1372 988 110 1355 1148